Another great thread for the DIY. Our ML320 (with 185,000 miles) popped a P0400 code 2 weeks ago that would not clear.
To determine if the EGR valve was good - I pulled the vacuum hose (arrow 1 in the photo) and connected a hand held vacuum pump. The EGR valve held a vacuum which meant the diaphragm in the valve was good. Additionally, you can see the stem and diaphragm move when vacuum was applied and released because of the open housing.
To determine if the EGR pipe was clogged, ran the engine (with MAF installed) at idle, and with the hand held vacuum pump tried to activate the EGR valve (after the smog pump stopped). If the plumbing was working, I expected to have the engine idle to stumble or become rough - there was no change when I applied vacuum to the EGR valve diaphragm.
Removed the EGR pipe and it was clogged. Cleaned, reinstalled and no CEL or pending code after 4 drives and 50 miles.
The air intake to the throttle body has a plastic level at the bottom that can be released by hand, just feel your way through it by pushing down.
I did not have to take down the coolant reservoir. Also tried to not remove the vacuum block above the throttle body, but could not get the pipe out. The vacuum block pulls straight up - pipe removal was accomplished after that. I also used Locktite threadlocker (blue) on the two pipe bolts to the engine.